神經(jīng)行為學(xué)
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神經(jīng)行為學(xué)（neuroethology），名稱源自希臘文νε?ρον（神經(jīng)）與?θο?（行為），是通過演化與比較等方法對(duì)動(dòng)物行為及其神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)機(jī)制進(jìn)行研究的學(xué)科。[1][2][3]它是行為神經(jīng)科學(xué)的一門交叉學(xué)科分支，目的是了解中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)如何將刺激轉(zhuǎn)化為自然行為。例如，蝙蝠的聽覺系統(tǒng)是如何將聲音的聲學(xué)性質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化以進(jìn)行回聲定位的。[4]神經(jīng)行為學(xué)家希望通過對(duì)于動(dòng)物的特殊行為的研究得到神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的普遍規(guī)律。
正如學(xué)科名稱所表示的那樣，這門學(xué)科是神經(jīng)科學(xué)與行為學(xué)的綜合。神經(jīng)行為學(xué)與神經(jīng)科學(xué)的其他分支相比，注重于對(duì)自然行為的研究。其中自然行為是指源自自然選擇過程的行為（如求偶、飛行、行走、躲避掠食者等），而非處于病態(tài)或?qū)嶒?yàn)室條件下的行為。
目錄 |
注釋
- ↑ Hoyle, G. (1984) The scope of Neuroethology. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 7:367-412.
- ↑ Ewert, P. (1980) Neuroethology. Springer-Verlag. New York.
- ↑ Camhi, J. (1984) Neuroethology. Sinauer. Sunderland Mass.
- ↑ Suga, N. (1989). "Principles of auditory information-processing derived from neuroethology." J Exp Biol 146: 277-86.
參考文獻(xiàn)
- Beer D., Randall, Roy E. Ritzmann, Thomas McKenna (1993) Biological neural networks in invertebrate neuroethology and robotics. Boston : Academic Press.
- Camhi, J.M. (1984) Neuroethology: Nerve cells and the Natural behavior of Animals, Sinauer Associates.
- Carew, T.J. (2000) Feature analysis in Toads. Behavioral Neurobiology, Sunderland, MA: Sinauer, pp. 95–119.
- Carew, T.J. (2000) Behavioral neurobiology: The Cellular Organization of Natural Behavior, Sinauer Associates.
- Ewert, J.-P. (1974) The neural basis of visually guided behavior. Scientific American 230(3):34-42
- Ewert J.-P. (2004) Motion perception shapes the visual world of amphibians. In: Prete F.R. (Ed.) Complex Worlds from Simpler Nervous Systems. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, pp. 117–160
- Hoyle, G. (1984) The scope of Neuroethology. Behavioural Brain Science 7:367-412. Graham Hoyle put forth a rather narrow definition of the goals and subject matter of neuroethology and links the field to the field of ethology. This is followed by commentaries from many prominent neuroethologists. It makes for fascinating reading.
- Metzner, W. (1993) The Jamming avoidance response in Eigenmannia is controlled by two separate motor pathways. The Journal of Neuroscience. 13(5):1862-1878
- Pfluger, H.-J. and R. Menzel (1999) Neuroethology, its roots and future. J Comp Physiol A 185:389-392.
- Zupanc, G.K.H. (2004) Behavioral Neurobiology: An Integrative Approach. Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.
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